This pattern is part of my life-sized anatomically correct skeleton series and includes details on how to make the ligaments around the pelvis, and how to attach the hip and leg bones together. I have included a large number of photographs to show the positioning of the various ligaments.
Difficulty:
Easy - Medium
You will need:
- A 1mm crochet hook
- Anchor creative fino #10 cotton in silver-grey
- A darning needle for sewing up
- A pair of scissors
- A left and right innominate bones
- A left and right crocheted leg (technically only the femurs are required)
- A sacrum/ coccyx
- Spine lumbar vertebrae
Use this diagram for reference when sewing ligaments to the innominate bone
For the pubic symphysis:
ch31
Round 1: sc in the first chain st you made, then sc in each of the following chain sts to make a loop (31sc)
ch31
Round 1: sc in the first chain st you made, then sc in each of the following chain sts to make a loop (31sc)
Rounds 2 - 3: (2 rounds) sc in each st
Fasten off
Sew each side of this cylinder to the symphysis pubis part of each of the innominate bone, as shown below
You now need to attach the legs to the innominate bones
For the pubofemoral ligament:
ch23
ch23
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 21sts. ch1, turn (22sc)
Rows 2 - 3: (2 rows) sc in each st. ch1, turn
Row 4: hdc6, sc16. ch1, turn
Row 5: sc16, hdc6. ch1, turn
Row 6: hdc6, sc16. ch1, turn
Row 7: slip14, sc2, hdc6. ch1, turn
Row 8: hdc3, sc, slip1
Fasten off
Sew the thinner edge of this to the lower side of the head of the femur, and the thicker end to the innominate, with the side with the hdc sts on closest to the pubic symphysis section.
For the iliofemoral liagment:
For the first section:
ch23
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 21sts. ch1, turn (22sc)
Row 2: hdc11, sc11. ch1, turn
Row 3: sc11, hdc11. ch1, turn
Row 4: hdc11, sc11. ch1, turn
Row 5: sc11, hdc11. ch1, turn
Row 6: hdc11, sc11. ch1, turn
Row 7: sc11, hdc11. ch1, turn
Row 8: hdc11, sc11. ch1, turn
Row 9: sc11, hdc11. ch1, turn
Rows 10 - 12: (3 rows) sc in each st. ch1, turn
Row 13: sc in each st
Fasten off
Sew the thicker edge of this to the femur, just above where you attached the previous ligament. The side with the hdc sts should be at the bottom. Sew the other end of this ligament to the inominate bone, above where the previous ligament was attached. The ligament should be at an angle to the pubofemoral liagment, as shown in the images below.
Turn the pelvis over so that the back of the joint is facing upwards
For the upper section:
ch23
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 21sts. ch1, turn (22sc)
Rows 2 - 17: (16 rows) sc in each st. ch1, turn
Row 18: sc in each st
Fasten off
Sew this to the top of the joint, as shown below (not that the 4th image shows a top-down view of the bone)
For the lower section:
ch31
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 29sts. ch1, turn (30sc)
Row 2: make 2sc in the first st, sc27, sc2tog. ch1, turn (30sc)
Row 3: sc2tog, sc27, make 2sc in the last st. ch1, turn
Row 4: make 2sc in the first st, sc27, sc2tog. ch1, turn
Row 5: sc2tog, sc27, make 2sc in the last st. ch1, turn
Row 6: make 2sc in the first st, sc27, sc2tog. ch1, turn
Row 7: sc2tog, sc28. ch1, turn (29sc)
Row 8: sc27, sc2tog. ch1, turn (28sc)
Row 9: sc2tog, sc26 (27sc)
Fasten off
Don't sew in place yet
For the isciofemoral ligament:
ch27
ch27
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 25sts. ch1, turn (26sc)
Row 2: hdc13, sc13. ch1, turn
Row 3: slip11, sc4, hdc11. ch1, turn
Row 4: hdc11, sc4, slip11. ch1, turn
Row 5: sc13, hdc12, make 2hdc in the last st. ch1, turn (27sts)
Row 6: hdc11, sc5, slip11. ch1, turn
Row 7: slip11, sc5, hdc11. ch1, turn
Row 8: make 2hdc in the first st, hdc12, sc12, sc2tog. ch1, turn (27sts)
Row 9: slip11, sc5, hdc11. ch1, turn
Row 10: hdc11, sc5, slip11. ch1, turn
Row 11: sc2tog, sc13, hdc11, make 2hdc in the last st. ch1, turn (27sts)
Row 12: hdc11, sc14, sc2tog. ch1, turn (26sts)
Row 13: sc2tog, sc12, hdc12. ch1, turn (25sts)
Row 14: make 2hdc in the first st, hdc10, sc12, sc2tog (25sts)
Fasten off
Sew the thicker edge of this to the innominate bone, so that the cast-on end is at the top (see image). Sew the other edge of this ligament to the femur so that it ovelaps with the upper iliofemoral ligament section.
Finally sew the lower iliofemoral liagment in place. It should be positioned so that one end covers the gap between the lower and middle iliofemoral ligament, and the other wraps around to cover the gap between the lower iliofemoral liagment and the isciofemoral liagment. Note that the cast-on/off ends should be between the lower iliofemoral liagment and the isciofemoral liagment.
(front of joint before ligament attached)
The same process then needs to be repeated for the left femur, but the attatchment of the ligaments is mirrored. This can be seen in the images below.
Now you need to attach the inominate bones to the sacrum. The following images show the positioning of the sacrum with respect the the innominate bones from different angles. This should help you get the placement right then attaching the ligaments.
For the anterior sacroiliac ligament:
This is formed from a number of narrow bands that attach the sacrum and inominate bones on the anterior side. However, in this pattern these bands have been combined into 2 sections
ch16
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 14sts. ch1, turn (15sc)
Row 2: hdc8, sc6, make 2sc in the last st. ch1, turn (16sts)
Row 3: make 2sc in the first st, sc6, hdc9. ch1, turn (17sts)
Row 4: hdc2tog, hdc6, slip9. ch1, turn (16sts)
Row 5: slip8, sc3, hdc3, hdc2tog. ch1, turn (15sts)
Row 6: hdc2tog, hdc4, sc8, make 2sc in the last st. ch1, turn (15sts)
Row 7: slip5, sc4, hdc4, hdc2tog. ch1, turn (14sts)
Row 8: hdc2tog, hdc4, sc4, slip4. ch1, turn (13sts)
Row 9: make 2sc in the first st, sc6, hdc4, hdc2tog. ch1, turn (13sts)
Row 10: hdc2tog. hdc3, sc5, slip3. ch1, turn (12sts)
Row 11: slip3, sc3, hdc4, hdc2tog. ch1, turn (11sts)
Row 12: hdc2tog, hdc, sc4, slip4. ch1, turn (10sts)
Row 13: sc6, hdc2, hdc2tog. ch1, turn (9sts)
Row 14: hdc2tog, hdc2, sc2, slip3. ch1, turn (8sts)
Row 15: make 2sc in the first st, slip2, sc2, hdc3. ch1, turn (9sts)
Row 16: sc8, make 2sc in the last st. ch1, turn (10sts)
Row 17: make 2sc in the first st, sc4, hdc5. ch1, turn (11sts)
Row 18: hdc5, sc, slip5. ch1, turn
Row 19: sc in each st. ch1, turn
Row 20: sc in each st
Fasten off
Sew this to the inner edge of this to the sacrum. It should be sewn so that it curves around the upper edge of the sacrum, around where the lowest intervertebral disk is attached (assuming you've attached the spine already). This can be seen in the images below.
ch16
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 14sts. ch1, turn (15sc)
Rows 2 - 10: (9 rows) sc in each st. ch1, turn
Row 11: sc2tog, sc13 (14sc)
Row 12: sc12, sc2tog (13sc)
Fasten off
Sew this to the sacrum just below where you attached the previous ligament. Make sure to attach the edge opposite to the one where you fastened off, and that the cast-off edge is in the lowest corner, The grain of the rows should run parallel to the gain of the rows of the sacrum that you sew it over.
Position the sacrum next to the innominate bone. This can be seen in the above images, and on this website https://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/sacroiliac-ligament#1 (reduce the layers down so you can only see the bones)
Sew the opposite end of the 2 ligaments attached to the sacrum to the innominate bones, as shown in the photos below. You should ideally find that the 2nd of these ligaments tucks under the first, as shown in the images.
Repeat this for the left-hand side
For the sacrospinous ligament:
ch13
Row 1: hdc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 4 chain sts, sc3, slip4. ch1, turn
Row 2: slip4, sc3, hdc5. ch1, turn
Row 3: hdc5, sc3, slip4. ch1, turn
Row 4: slip4, sc3, hdc5. ch1, turn
Row 5: hdc2tog, hdc3, sc3, slip4. ch1, turn
Row 6: slip4, sc3, hdc2, hdc2tog
Fasten off
Sew the thinner edge of this to the ischial body of the inominate bone.
Sew the other, thicker end to the sacrum/coxxyx, so that the loose end created when starting off is a little way down the coxxyx (see images below). Repeat this for the left-hand side.
For the iliolumbar liagment:
This consists of a series of ligament sections, all made individually
ch8
Row 1: slip the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 2 chain sts. sc4. Ch1, turn (7sts)
Row 2: sc4, slip3, ch1, turn
Row 3: slip3, sc4. ch1, turn
Row 4: sc4, slip3, ch1, turn
Row 5: slip3, sc4. ch1, turn
Row 6: sc4, slip3
Fasten off
Sew the thicker end of this to the SAFs of the L5 vertebra. Sew the other end to the innominate bone, as shown in the images.
Repeat this for the left-hand side
ch21
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 19sts. ch1, turn (20sc)
Row 2: make 2sc in the first st, sc7, slip12. ch1, turn (21sts)
Row 3: slip12, sc8, make 2sc in the last st. ch1, turn (22sts)
Row 4: make 2sc in the first st, sc9, slip13. ch1, turn (23sts)
Row 5: slip13, sc10, make 2sc in the last st (24sts)
Fasten off
Sew the thinner end of this to the SAF of the L5 vertebra, so that it overlaps with the lower side of where you attached the previous ligament section. Sew the other end to the innominate bone, around the region of the greater sciatic notch, as shown below.
ch8
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 6sts. ch1, turn (7sc)
Row 2: make 2sc in the first st, sc4, sc2tog. ch1, turn
Row 3: sc2tog, sc4, make 2sc in the last st. ch1, turn
Row 4: make 2sc in the first st, sc4, sc2tog. ch1, turn
Row 5: sc2tog, sc4, make 2sc in the last st. ch1, turn
Row 6: make 2sc in the first st, sc4, sc2tog
Fasten off
Sew one end of this to the base of the SAF of L4, and the other end to the top of the first iliolumbar section you made.
Turn the pelvis over
For the back of the iliolumbar liagment:
ch8
Row 1: slip the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 2 chain sts. sc4. Ch1, turn (7sts)
Row 2: sc4, slip3, ch1, turn
Row 3: slip3, sc4. ch1, turn
Row 4: sc4, slip3, ch1, turn
Row 5: slip3, sc4. ch1, turn
Row 6: sc4, slip3
Fasten off
Sew the thinner end of this to the back of the SAF of L5, and sew the thicker end to the innominate bone, in approximately the same place as you sewed the first part of the iliolumar ligament on the front.
For the posterior sacroiliac ligament:
This also consists of a large number of individual ligament sections
ch15
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 13sts. ch1, turn (14sc)
Row 2: sc2tog, sc11, make 2sc in the last st. ch1, turn
Row 3: make 2sc in the first st, sc11, sc2tog. ch1, turn
Row 4: sc2tog, sc11, make 2sc in the last st. ch1, turn
Row 5: make 2sc in the first st, sc11, sc2tog. ch1, turn
Row 6: sc2tog, sc11, make 2sc in the last st
Fasten off
Sew this to the pelvis, with one end being sewn to the side of the central divide of the sacrum, and the other end being sewn to the front side of the innominate, just below where you sewed the iliolumbar ligament.
ch8
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 6sts. ch1, turn (7sc)
Row 2: make 2sc in the first st, sc4, sc2tog. ch1, turn
Row 3: sc2tog, sc4, make 2sc in the last st. ch1, turn
Row 4: make 2sc in the first st, sc4, sc2tog
Fasten off
Sew one side of this section to the sacrum, just to the side of the top sacral foramen (hole). Sew the other side the the back of the innominate, just underneath where the previous ligament was sewn.
ch14
Row 1: hdc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 2 chain sts, sc10. ch1, turn (13sts)
Row 2: sc10, hdc3. ch1, turn
Row 3: hdc3, sc10. ch1, turn
Row 4: sc10, hdc3. ch1, turn
Row 5: hdc3, sc10
Fasten off
Sew this underneath the previous ligament, as shown in the photo. The thicker edge should be sewn to the edge of the central section of the sacrum.
ch11
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 9sts. ch1, turn (10sc)
Rows 2 - 4: (3 rows) sc in each st. ch1, turn
Row 5: sc in each st
Fasten off
Sew this just below the previous ligament, as shown below
ch16
Row 1: hdc in the 2nd chain st from hook, then hdc in the next 2 chain sts, sc12. ch1, turn
Row 2: sc12, hdc3. ch1, turn
Row 3: hdc3, sc12. ch1, turn
Row 4: sc12, hdc3
Fasten off
Sew this underneath the previous ligament. The thinner end should be sewn to the innominate so that is ovelaps with the previous ligament you attached.
ch15
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 13sts. ch1, turn (14sc)
Rows 2 - 4: (3 rows) sc in each st. ch1, turn
Row 5: sc in each st
Fasten off
This ligament is attached slightly differently from the previous ones. It should be sewn at an angle, so that one end touches the end of the innominate, and the other end resides beside the bottom sacral foramen., as shown below
ch9
Row 1: hdc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 2 chain sts, sc2, slip3. ch1, turn
Row 2: slip3, sc2, hdc3. ch1, turn
Row 3: hdc3, sc2, slip3. ch1, turn
Row 4: slip3, sc2, hdc3
Fasten off
Sew the thicker end of this to the edge of the central part of the sacrum in between the last 2 sacral foramen. Sew the other end of this to the previous ligament you attached.
ch9
Row 1: hdc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 2 chain sts, sc2, slip3. ch1, turn
Row 2: slip3, sc2, hdc3. ch1, turn
Row 3: hdc3, sc2, slip3. ch1, turn
Row 4: slip3, sc2, hdc3
Fasten off
Sew this underneath the bottom sacral foramen, as shown below.
Repeat this on the left-hand side, mirroring the attachment of the ligaments.
For the sacrotuberous ligament (make 2):
ch53
ch53
Row 1: hdc in the 2nd loop from hook and the next 2 chain sts, sc in the next 49 chain sts. ch1, turn (52sts)
Row 2: sc49, hdc2, make 2hdc in the last st. ch1, turn (53sts)
Row 3: make 2hdc in the first st, hdc3, sc49. ch1, turn (54sts)
Row 4: sc27, ch7, sc in the 2nd chain st from hook, then sc in the next 5 chain sts. sc in the next 22sts, hdc5. ch1, turn (60sts)
Row 5: hdc5, sc28, make 3sc in the back of the chain st you first crocheted into when crocheting down the chain. sc in the back of the next 5 chain sts, sc27 (68sts)
Row 6: slip22, sc3, hdc3tog, hdc3, sc, slip4, sc, hdc3, hdc3tog, sc3, slip 22 (64sts)
Fasten off
Sew to the pelvis, as shown in the images below.
Turn the skeleton back over so the front is facing you
For the inguinal ligament (make 2):
ch34
Row 1: sc in the 2nd chain st from hook and the next 32sts. ch1, turn (33sc)
Fasten off
Sew to the innominate between the anterior superior iliac spine and the ischium, as shown in the image below
That's all from this pattern - I hope you've enjoyed it! If you have any questions please feel free to contact me at lhodginscrochet@gmail.com and I'll do my best to answer them. As always you're very welcome to sell finished products but please don't re-post this pattern or claim it as your own. Thank you!
